Which of the following is listed as a possible complication to assess for after CABG?

• A. Mediastinitis
• B. Postpericardiotomy syndrome
• C. Myocardial infarction
• D. Pneumothorax

Answer: (A)

Mediastinitis is a key complication to monitor after CABG because the sternotomy creates a direct route to the mediastinal tissues, making deep infection a serious and time-sensitive threat. Early recognition is crucial since mediastinitis can progress rapidly to sepsis and requires prompt intervention with surgical debridement and IV antibiotics. Clinically, look for fever, chest pain, sternal wound drainage or separation, redness or swelling around the incision, tachycardia, and leukocytosis, with imaging supporting mediastinal infection if suspected.

Other listed issues can occur after cardiac surgery, but mediastinitis is specifically tied to the sternotomy environment and is routinely assessed for due to its high risk and potential severity.