What grafts may be used by the surgeon in CABG?

• A. Internal mammary artery
• B. Saphenous vein
• C. Radial artery
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

CABG uses different conduit types, both arterial and venous, depending on the targets and patient factors. The left internal mammary artery is favored for bypassing the left anterior descending artery because it tends to have the best long-term patency. The saphenous vein from the leg is a versatile option to graft to multiple other coronary targets, helping complete the revascularization. The radial artery from the forearm is another arterial conduit used in selected cases to provide durable arterial blood flow when appropriate.

Since all of these conduit types can be used in CABG, the best choice is the one that includes all of the above.